Colonialism

hat da irgendwer von euch nen paar stichworte zu?

hey, ich hab mich heute mal hingesetzt und ein bisschen was rausgesucht. Kann noch mal jemand drüber schauen und ergänzen und verbessern? Was genau ist Post-Colonialism? Und ist meine Definition von Imperialismus richtig? Liebe Grüße, Miri


Colonialism
Is building and maintaining of colonies in one territory from another territory.

Historical period
15th – 20th century –
• People from Europe (British, Portuguese, Spanish, Netherlands) established colonies on other continents .
BECAUSE:
• The profits to be made.
• To expand the power of the metropole (e.g. England).
• To escape persecution (e.g. Pilgrim fathers)
• To convert the indigenous (eingeborene) population to the colonists' religion.



Imperialism,
The creation and maintenance of an unequal economic, cultural and territorial relationship, usually between states and often in the form of an empire, which is based on domination and subordination (Unterordnung). Imperialism is considered the control by one state of other territories. (Wikipedia )

Also: Imperialismus ist: wenn ein Land andere Länder erobert um sein Gebiet zu vergrößern, um zum Beispiel einen Platz an der Sonne zu haben (Place in the sun). Besonders wichtig ist beim Imperialismus der Machtzuwachs des Imperiums/erobere Land, denn es besteht der Wunsch Alleinherrscher bzw. der mächtigste Herrscher zu sein. Hab ich das jetzt richtig verstanden?


The Britsh empire.( in the late 16th and early 17th centuries.)
• Largest in world history – covering about a quarter of the world’s surface. (Australia, New Zealand, Canada, The Irish Free State and South Africa.)
• Motives:
1. trade
2. economics
3. politics
4. religion
5. adventure and curiosity
• After the 1st and 2nd wars the British were more interested in rebuilding their countries than concentrating in the colonies.
(Nach zu lesen: Spot on Facts: The British Empire.)


The Commonwealth:
• Union of former English colonies (45)
• For instance: Canada, India, Malta, Jamaica
• Have the aim to cooperate politically, economically, on the account of their common history
• Head: the Queen
• Goals:democracy, human rights, individual liberty, world peace, free trade


India: (Nur aus Sicht des Colonialismus)

• 10th/12th century: much of north India came under the control of Delhi Sultante and later the Moghul empire
• 16th century: European (the British, The Netherlands, The Portuguese, and France) powers established colonies in India
• By 1856 most of India was under control of the British (The British East India Company)
• 1857: India rebellion; India was brought under the direct rule of the British crown
• 1877 Queen Victoria became the Empress (Kaiserin) of India
• 20th century: struggle for independence: Ghandi
• 1946: Independence


Attitude toward the colonies:
• Improved the welfare (medical care, better legal education, transport system)
• Considered the indigenous people to be “children” who needed to be “educated”.
• Take the example India: the British tried to oppress the people by teaching them their culture – cultural imperialism.
• (Hier zu haben wir noch den Text: “the Far Ravilions” by M.M. Kaye im Heft.)




Texte die wir im Unterricht behandelt haben:
• A war that we have won and lost by Arundhati Roy
• Extract from the novel “The white Tiger” by Aravind Adiga
• Extract “The Tempest” By William Shakespeare
• Extract from “Robinson Crusus.”
• “the Far Ravilions” by M.M. Kaye

noch wichtig:

Post- colonialism and migration:
- Between 1945 and 1965 most of the former colonies of the British Empire became independent
- In 1947 British left India was divided into a Hindu state (India) and a smaller Muslim state (Pakistan)
- Largest number of immigrants to Britain were inhabitants of British Empire and Commonwealth
- 1948: British Nationality Act: gave all Commonwealth citizens the right to enter Britain to work.
- Political campaigns called for immigration control
- Racism among the population grew